Reading Brutalism: Architecture, Power, and Ideology
Following the theoretical framework, I focused on Brutalist architecture as a recurring visual language in dystopian worlds. Historical research into post-war European and Soviet Brutalism revealed its close association with institutional authority, collectivism, and state power.
Texts by Priestman and architectural critiques helped clarify why Brutalism is often perceived as inhuman or oppressive. This reading process made it clear that Brutalism’s visual qualities are inseparable from its ideological and historical context.
This understanding became central to my later analysis of both Atomic Heart and Cyberpunk 2077.
Case Selection: Why Atomic Heart and Cyberpunk 2077
At this point, I needed concrete case studies that clearly demonstrated architecture as an ideological expression. Atomic Heart and Cyberpunk 2077 were selected not because of personal preference, but because both rely heavily on architectural world-building to communicate social systems.
Although aesthetically different—Soviet retrofuturism versus Western cyberpunk capitalism—both games use architecture to visualize power, hierarchy, and technological domination. This contrast offered an opportunity for comparative analysis rather than isolated description.
Class review
Narrative Structure — Key Notes
What is Narrative Structure
Narrative structure is the framework used to organise events in a story.
Its purpose is to engage the audience, build conflict, and reach a satisfying resolution.
A successful narrative:
- Presents a clear chain of events
- Uses appealing and believable characters
- Ends with a meaningful conclusion
Common Narrative Forms
Narrative structures appear across many forms, including:
- Novels, poetry, drama
- Short stories and novellas
- Myths, legends, fairy tales, and epics
- Film and animation
Three-Part Structure
Based on Aristotle’s theory:
- Beginning – introduction of situation and characters
- Middle – development of conflict
- End – resolution
Five-Act Structure
Common in novels, plays, and films:
- Exposition – setting, characters, and conflict introduced
- Rising Action – obstacles and complications increase
- Climax – turning point, highest tension
- Falling Action – consequences unfold
- Resolution – conflict resolved, new order established
Equilibrium Model
Another way to understand narrative progression:
- Equilibrium
- Disruption
- Recognition
- Action
- Re-equilibrium
Narrative in Animation (Paul Wells)
Animation writers must constantly observe and draw from everyday life.
Animation allows the impossible to become believable and the absurd to feel real.
Developing the Narrative
- Introduce or change obstacles
- Develop character goals
- Use subplots only if they support the main story
- Consider timing, shots, and sound
Clear Storytelling
Effective narratives rely on:
- Framing and staging
- Transitions and pacing
- Clear narrative function in each scene
Key Takeaway
Strong stories are built on clear structure, engaging conflict, and meaningful resolution.